Types of Cataracts and How They Are Diagnosed

Do you often find yourself squinting when reading a book or watching a movie? This could equate to more than just your eyes playing tricks on you. Cataracts affect millions of people each year, gradually stealing their ability to see clearly. Understanding the types of cataracts and their symptoms can help you recognize and seek treatment, preserving your vision for years. Continue reading to learn more.

Types of Cataracts

Cataracts manifest differently in people. The particular type you may have or develop determines the symptoms and the treatment needed.

Nuclear sclerotic cataract is a common variation. It primarily affects the center of the lens, causing difficulty distinguishing between colors while also creating a yellowish tint to your vision.
Cortical cataract is marked by opaque white formations along the outer edge of the lens, leading to glare and contrast problems.
Posterior subcapsular cataract develops at the back of the lens and progresses quickly. Symptoms often include problems with reading and seeing in bright light.
Congenital cataracts occur in infants, either at birth or in early childhood. These are often diagnosed in eye exams for children.
Secondary cataracts form from surgery or exposure to specific conditions and substances, such as UV radiation or steroids.

How Cataracts Are Diagnosed

Detecting cataracts early is vital and usually starts with a comprehensive eye exam.

Regular eye examinations are essential for tracking your eye health and catching potential problems. This is especially relevant if you wear eyeglasses or are 60 and over.
A comprehensive dilated eye exam is more in-depth, examining the back of your eye, retina, and optic nerves after your pupils have widened.
Additional tests may include a slit-lamp examination, a close look into your eyes under high magnification, or a refraction test, which checks for vision impairment specifically.

What to Do After Being Diagnosed With Cataracts

Being diagnosed with cataracts might seem daunting, but it’s not the end of the road. Immediately seek professional eye care because various treatment options are available, depending on the type and severity of your cataracts. These can range from non-invasive methods like prescription glasses or enhanced lighting to more invasive options like cataract surgery.

In the early stages of cataracts, changes in your eyeglasses or contact lenses prescription may be sufficient to improve your vision. Anti-glare coatings on your glasses and using brighter lights for reading or other activities can also help.

If cataracts continue progressing and significantly impair your vision, your eye care professional may recommend cataract surgery. This procedure involves removing the clouded lens and, in most cases, replacing it with a clear, artificial one. It’s a common and generally safe procedure that can restore clear vision.

Remember, the best treatment for you will depend on your specific circumstances and overall eye health. Always consult your eye care professional for personalized advice and treatment options.

Keeping your vision healthy is fundamental to your quality of life. Don’t let cataracts blur your view of the world. Get in touch with Vienna Eyecare Center for professional eye care services. Call us at (703) 938-7633 or visit our contact page to schedule an appointment. We offer eye exams, glasses and contact lenses.

Dr. Richard Snively